I happened to discover shortcut keys on the Calculator program in Windows. It's not as thorough or intuitive as I would like, but at least I can type 4Y8 if I need to know four to the eighth power. And I often need to know 1/x, and R does that for me.
It does bug me that Shift+3 is the shortcut key for cubing a number, but Shift+2 is the shortcut key for finding the square root. WTF, Microsoft? Incidentally, squaring a number is Q, but they really should have swapped those two around.