Regarding greening, taking a glance at this kingdom, this is the sort of kingdom where I'd never want to green at all. Why go for a Province over a Laboratory? It's only 6 points, and that lab may set up a multi-Goon turn, which will be worth more.
Regarding Villages, they are often the limiting resource for Goons mega-turns, because if you have only k Villages, you can have at most k+1 Goons in play, and less than that if you need some actions to draw. You don't need nearly so many Envoys, especially since Lab is available, so they are less urgent. Your opponent correctly identified this and on turns 7 and 9 prioritized Village over Envoy, while meanwhile on turn 8 you bought an Envoy. That said, as second player, splits tend to go badly.
Your Village opening was suspect, though. Keep in mind that opening Village does nothing for you on T3/T4, since you only have a single terminal. Getting the first Goons play is important in Goons games, and opening Silver should help with that. If you had opened Silver, then on T3 you can get a Lab instead of a Quarry, and on T4 you probably still have $4 and can get the Quarry then instead of the Envoy (which is what your opponent did for T3/T4). Still, both you and your opponent got first Goons plays on turn 8, so to some extent it's just your bad luck to go second in this game.