Scheme can be used to put itself on the deck. It's not useful, but you're still doing something.
Scheme can be used for shuffle control in edge cases, e.g. the cards left in your deck at cleanup are GGG, so you topdeck two Schemes, then refuse to play them so you can buy a Province and reshuffle the Gold.
Judging from the list in the OP, Moat and any other reaction to Attacks counts, since one provision of the card is negated. Squire's gaining provision is also negated in such games.
University is a true example in setups without any other Action cards, as the only thing it grants is the ability to play another University.
A number of cards come close: Certain setups can make Upgrade's and Remake's gain provisions only applicable to Silver and Gold. Library's Action provision can apply only to other Libraries. Talisman can be made to apply only to itself, Silver, Copper, and Curse.
In the following Kingdom, Horn of Plenty can only gain Curse, Copper, Estate, Silver, or Potion:
Vineyard
Transmute
Horn of Plenty
Trading Post
Pillage
Duke
Altar
Fairgrounds
Farmland
Expande: Actually not true, although there are multiple Kingdoms where HoP can only gain Curse, Copper, Estate, Silver, or one other card. Just insert Mandarin instead of Vineyard, and any of the following for Transmute: Develop, Salvager, Remodel, Feast, Embargo, Treasure Map, Trade Route, Bishop, Remake, Horse Traders, Trader, Forager. The other gainable card will be that card.