Okay. Going back to Chameleon and Enchantress, let's read as literally as we can:
Chameleon: "Instead of following this card's instructions: Follow this card's instructions; each time that would give you +Cards this turn, you get +$ instead, and vice-versa."
Enchantress: "when you play an Action card, you get +1 Card and +1 Action instead of following its instructions."
Did you play the Action card? Yes. Did you follow its instructions? According to Chameleon, yes. It literally says that Enchantress wins.
Let's compare with Tradering a Curse. Instead of gaining the Curse, you gain a Silver. But that means that Guildhall can trigger. The new thing that happened (gaining a Silver) still counts as what it is - gaining a Silver.
Chameleon does a new thing, but the new thing is the same thing. It's "follow the instructions". This is what Enchantress replaces. If it replaces it on Lantern, it replaces it here. Chameleon then triggers each time something happens during the card instructions and replaces it, exactly like Lantern.